|
The Araucanía〔(Araucanía ), Encyclopedia Britannica.〕 ( ), Araucanía Region〔(Six Firefighters confirmed dead battling blaze in south of Chile ). ''Santiago Times''.〕 or IX La Araucanía Region (Spanish: ''IX Región de La Araucanía'') is one of Chile's 15 first order administrative divisions and comprises two provinces: Malleco in the north and Cautín in the south. Its capital and largest city is Temuco; other important cities include Angol and Villarrica. Chile did not incorporate the lands of Araucanía Region until the 1880s, when it occupied the area to end resistance by the indigenous Mapuche by both military and political means. This opened up the area for Chilean and European immigration and settlement. In the 1900-1930 period, the population of Araucanía grew considerably, as did the economy despite recessions striking the rest of Chile.〔Pinto Rodríguez, Julio. 2007. "EXPANSIÓN ECONÓMICA Y CONFLICTO MAPUCHE. LA ARAUCANÍA, 1900-1940", ''Revista de Historia Social y de las Mentalidades''.〕 Araucanía became one of the principal agricultural districts of Chile, gaining the nickname of "granary of Chile". The administrative Araucanía Region was established in 1974, in what was the core of the larger historic region of Araucanía. In the 21st century, Araucanía is Chile's poorest region in terms of GDP per capita.〔Central Bank of Chile (("Chile's 2008 Regional GDP and 2008 National GDP in 2008 prices" )), accessed on 5 April 2012. National Statistics Office of Chile ((Chile's 2008 national and regional population )), accessed on 5 April 2012. World Bank's World Development Indicators ((Chile's 2008 PPP conversion factor for GDP (365.2709), 2008 GDP (PPP) per capita for world countries )), accessed on 5 April 2012.〕 About a third of the region's population is ethnic Mapuche, the highest proportion of any Chilean region.〔(Casen Survey 2011 ), Ministry of Social Development of Chile.〕 Araucanía Region has been the main location of the confrontations of the ongoing Mapuche conflict, as the Mapuche have pressed their land claims against the central government. ==Geography== Virgin forests, featuring coigüe, raulí, and tepa, as well as bay and cypress trees, criss-cross the region in all directions. The majestic araucaria, or monkey puzzle tree, also known locally as ''pehuén,'' towers above the other trees. Its fruit—the ''piñón,'' a type of pine nut—is still a staple food for the indigenous Pehuenches. A large part of this natural wealth is protected in various National Parks (Nahuelbuta, Tolhuaca. Conguillío, Villarrica, and Huerquehue), or National Reserves (Malalcahuello, Las Nalcas, and Alto Biobío). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Araucanía Region」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|